J. Technology and Education, Vol.13, No.2, pp.81-84, 2006
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Conversion of Aldehydes to Methyl Ketones Using Dimethylaluminum Reagents
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Shigeru NAGAHARA,* Takatoshi SAKAKURA, and Kohtaro TOMIZAWA
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Suzuka National College of Technology
(Shiroko-cho, Suzuka, Mie 510-0294, Japan)
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(Received October 25, 2006; Accepted Number 30, 2006)
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Abstract
When benzaldehyde and dimethylaluminum 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide (abbreviated as DAD) were allowed to react in a 1:1 molar ratio at room temperature for 2h in CH2Cl2 solvent, acetophenone (40%), benzyl alcohol (44%), 1-phenylethanol (1%), and 3-hydroxy-1,3-diphenylpropan-1-one (4) (9%) were produced. The reaction using dimethylaluminum 4-bromo-2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide (abbreviated as DABR) also gave similar products.@In contrast, dimethylaluminum 2,6-diphenylphenoxide (1) led to the methylated product, 1-phenylethanol, as a major product, and both dimethylaluminum 2,6-diisopropylphenoxide (2) and dimethylaluminum 2,6-dimethylphenoxide (3) were quite unreactive.@The reaction of various aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with DAD (or DABR) gave approximately equimolar amounts of the corresponding methyl ketones and alcohols in good yield.@A mechanism for this transformation can be proposed as follows.@The first step is Lewis acid-base complex formation between an aldehyde and DAD (or DABR).@The corresponding aluminum alkoxide intermediates are then formed by an intramolecular rearrangement of the Lewis acid-base complexes, presumably via a cyclic four-center transition state, and subsequent Oppenauer oxidation gives the corresponding methyl ketones and alcohols.
Key words: methyl ketone, dimethylaluminum phenoxide, Oppenauer oxidation, Lewis acid-base complex